Galatians 2

KJ3 Literal Translation — Chapter 2 of 6

1 Then through fourteen years, I again went up to Jerusalem with Barnabas, also taking Titus with me.

2 And I went up according to revelation. And I put before them the gospel which I proclaim in the nations, but privately to the ones thought to be pillars, lest perhaps I run, or I ran, to no purpose.

3 But not even Titus, the one with me, a Greek, was compelled to be circumcised.

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Chapter Summary

1 He shows when he went up again to Jerusalem, and for what purpose. 14 Of justification by faith, and not by works.

Key Greek Words

δικαιόω to justify, declare righteous G1344
πίστις faith G4102
νόμος law G3551
ἔργον works G2041
εὐαγγέλιον gospel G2098
περιτομή circumcision G4061

People & Context

Paul

Lays his gospel before the Jerusalem pillars and publicly opposes Peter at Antioch, arguing justification by faith, not works of Law

Peter (Cephas)

Entrusted with the gospel to the circumcision; ate with the nations at Antioch then withdrew in fear, and is rebuked by Paul to his face

Barnabas

Paul's companion to Jerusalem who receives the right hand of fellowship but is later carried away by the hypocrisy at Antioch

Titus

A Greek who travels with Paul and is not compelled to be circumcised, proving the gospel's freedom

James

One of the reputed pillars who gives Paul the right hand of fellowship; men from him later prompt Peter's withdrawal

John

A reputed pillar at Jerusalem who, with James and Cephas, extends the right hand of fellowship to Paul and Barnabas

Timeline

Second Visit to Jerusalem

Fourteen years later, Paul goes to Jerusalem with Barnabas and Titus. He presents his gospel to the 'pillars' (James, Cephas, and John), who accept his mission to the nations without compelling Titus to be circumcised.

Galatians 2:1-10
Confrontation at Antioch

Paul publicly opposes Peter for hypocrisy when Peter stops eating with Gentiles out of fear of the circumcision group. Paul argues that justification comes through faith in Christ, not works of Law.

Galatians 2:11-21

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