1 Chronicles 19

KJ3 Literal Translation — Chapter 19 of 29

¹ And it happened after this, that King Nahash of the Ammonites died, and his son reigned in his place.

² And David said, I will show kindness to Hanun the son of Nahash, for his father acted with kindness toward me; and David sent messengers to comfort him concerning his father. And the servants of David came to the land of the Ammonites, to Hanun, to comfort him.

³ And the leaders of the sons of Ammon said to Hanun, Is David honoring your father in your eyes because he has sent comforters to you? Have not his servants come in to you in order to search out and to overthrow, and to spy out the land?

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Chapter Summary

David's messengers, sent to comfort Hanun the son of Nahash, are ill-treated. The Ammonites are overcome by Joab and Abishai. Shophach is slain by David.

Key Hebrew Words

חֶ֫סֶד kindness, loyal love H2617 · TWOT 698a

נָחַם comfort, console H5162 · TWOT 1344

מַלְאָךְ messenger H4397 · TWOT 1068a

כָּלַם be humiliated, disgraced H3637 · TWOT 987

חָזַק be strong, courageous H2388 · TWOT 636

מִלְחָמָה battle H4421 · TWOT 1104c

People & Context

David

King of Israel who sends comforters to Hanun, then sends his army when his envoys are disgraced

Hanun

New Ammonite king who shames David's messengers by shaving them and cutting their robes, provoking war

Joab

Commander who divides the army, faces the Syrians, and routs them with Abishai's aid

Abishai

Joab's brother given the rest of the people to face the sons of Ammon

Nahash

Late Ammonite king, Hanun's father, who had earlier shown kindness to David

Shophach

Hadarezer's army commander leading the Syrians beyond the river, killed by David

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