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1 Samuel 14

KJ3 Literal Translation — Chapter 14 of 31

1 And the day came that Jonathan the son of Saul said to the young man bearing his armor, Come, and we will go over to the garrison of the Philistines on the other side. But he did not speak to his father.

2 And Saul was abiding at the edge of Gibeah, under the pomegranate which is in Migron; also the people with him, about six hundred men.

3 And Ahijah, the son of Ahitub, the brother of Ichabod, the son of Phinehas, the son of Eli the priest of Jehovah in Shiloh, was wearing the ephod. And the people did not know that Jonathan had gone.

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Chapter Summary

Jonathan goes and miraculously kills the Philistines' garrison. Saul sets on them. The captive Hebrews, and the hidden Israelites join against them. Saul's foolish oath.

Key Hebrew Words

יָשַׁע save, deliver H3467 · TWOT 929
עָרֵל uncircumcised H6189 · TWOT 1695b
שְׁבוּעָה oath H7621 · TWOT 2319a
דְּבַשׁ honey H1706 · TWOT 400a
דָּם blood H1818 · TWOT 436
יְשׁוּעָה deliverance H3444 · TWOT 929b

People & Context

Jonathan

Saul's son who, with his armorbearer, daringly assaults the Philistine garrison, then unknowingly breaks his father's oath by tasting honey

Saul

Israel's king who binds the army with a rash oath, casts lots, and would have executed Jonathan but the people redeem him

Ahijah

The priest, son of Ahitub and descendant of Eli, who wears the ephod and is summoned by Saul to bring the ark

Timeline

Jonathan Initiates a Secret Raid

Without telling his father, Jonathan proposes to his armorbearer that they cross over to the Philistine garrison to see if Jehovah will work a deliverance.

1 Samuel 14:1-10
Jonathan and His Armorbearer Attack

Receiving their requested sign, Jonathan and his armorbearer climb up into the Philistine garrison and kill about twenty men.

1 Samuel 14:11-14
Earthquake and Panic in the Philistine Camp

A divine earthquake, a 'trembling of God', strikes the Philistine camp, causing absolute panic and chaos among the garrison and the ravagers.

1 Samuel 14:15-16

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