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Exodus 10

KJ3 Literal Translation — Chapter 10 of 40

1 And Jehovah said to Moses, Go in to Pharaoh, for I have made his heart heavy and the heart of his servants, so that I may set these signs of Mine in their midst;

2 and so that you may recount in the ears of your son and the son of your son what I exerted Myself to do against Egypt, and My signs which I have done among them, and you may know that I am Jehovah.

3 And Moses and Aaron went in to Pharaoh and said to him, So says Jehovah the God of the Hebrews, Until when will you refuse to humble yourself before Me? Send away My people so that they may serve Me.

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Chapter Summary

1 God threatens to send locusts. 8 Pharaoh negotiates who may go. 12 The plague of locusts. 16 Pharaoh sends for Moses. 21 The plague of darkness. 24 Pharaoh sends for Moses.

Key Hebrew Words

אַרְבֶּה locust H697 · TWOT 2103a
חֹ֫שֶׁךְ darkness H2822 · TWOT 769a
אוֹת sign H226 · TWOT 41a
כָּבֵד made heavy (heart) H3513 · TWOT 943
נָטָה stretch out (hand) H5186 · TWOT 1352
עָבַד serve (Jehovah) H5647 · TWOT 1553

People & Context

Jehovah

Sends the plagues of locusts and darkness on Egypt and makes strong Pharaoh's heart so he will not release Israel.

Moses

Stretches out his hand to bring locusts and darkness, confronts Pharaoh, and refuses to leave the flocks behind.

Pharaoh

King of Egypt who negotiates over who may go, confesses sin, then hardens again and threatens Moses with death.

Aaron

Goes in with Moses to Pharaoh and delivers Jehovah's demand to let His people go.

Pharaoh's servants

Court officials who urge Pharaoh to release the men, asking whether he does not yet know Egypt is perishing.

Timeline

Eighth Plague: Locusts

An east wind brings unprecedented locusts that devour all vegetation. Pharaoh quickly asks forgiveness, but God hardens his heart after removing the locusts.

Exodus 10:1-20
Ninth Plague: Darkness

Three days of thick darkness cover Egypt, so profound it can be felt. Israelites have light. Pharaoh offers to let them go but keep livestock. Moses refuses.

Exodus 10:21-29

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