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Exodus 19

KJ3 Literal Translation — Chapter 19 of 40

1 In the third month of the going out of the sons of Israel from the land of Egypt, on this day they came to the wilderness of Sinai.

2 And they pulled up stakes from Rephidim and came to the wilderness of Sinai. And they camped in the wilderness. And Israel camped there before the mountain.

3 And Moses went up to God. And Jehovah called to him from the mountain, saying, You shall say this to the house of Jacob, and tell it to the sons of Israel.

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Chapter Summary

1 The people come to Sinai. 3 God's message to the people. 10 The people are sanctified. 16 The fearful presence of God on the Mount.

Key Hebrew Words

בְּרִית covenant H1285 · TWOT 282a
סְגֻלָּה special possession, treasure H5459 · TWOT 1460a
קָדוֹשׁ holy H6918 · TWOT 1990b
קָדַשׁ sanctify, set apart H6942 · TWOT 1990
שֹׁפָר rams' horn, trumpet H7782 · TWOT 2449c
עָנָן cloud H6051 · TWOT 1655a

People & Context

Jehovah

descends on Sinai in fire and cloud, offers Israel the covenant, and calls them a kingdom of priests

Moses

goes up and down the mountain mediating between Jehovah and the people, who consecrate themselves

Aaron

permitted by Jehovah to come up the mountain with Moses while priests and people stay below

Timeline

Arrival at Sinai

In the third month after leaving Egypt, Israelites arrive and camp in the Wilderness of Sinai before the mountain.

Exodus 19:1-2
Covenant Offered

God offers covenant: if they obey His voice and keep His covenant, they will be His special possession, a kingdom of priests, a holy nation. People agree.

Exodus 19:3-8
Preparation for God's Appearance

People commanded to sanctify themselves for two days, wash clothes, be ready for third day when God will descend. Strict limits set around mountain.

Exodus 19:9-15

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