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Exodus 8

KJ3 Literal Translation — Chapter 8 of 40

1 And Jehovah said to Moses, Go to Pharaoh, and say to him, So says Jehovah, Send away My people that they may serve Me.

2 And if you refuse to send them away, behold, I am about to smite all your territory with frogs.

3 And the river will swarm with frogs. And they shall go up and enter into your house, and into your bedroom, and on your couch, and into your servants' house, and on your people, and into your ovens and into your kneading troughs.

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Chapter Summary

1 Frogs are sent. & Pharaoh sends for Moses, 12 and Moses prays for their removal. 16 The dust is turned to swarms of flies, but the diviners cannot do so. 32 Pharaoh is still hardened.

Key Hebrew Words

צְפַרְדֵּעַ frogs H6854 · TWOT 1963
עָרֹב swarms of flies H6157 · TWOT 1685c
עָתַר pray, entreat H6279 · TWOT 1722
אֶצְבַּע finger (of God) H676 · TWOT 1873a
פְּדוּת redemption H6304 · TWOT 1734b
תּוֹעֵבַה abomination H8441 · TWOT 2530a

People & Context

Jehovah

God who sends frogs and swarms of flies, separates Goshen, and answers Moses' prayer to remove the plagues.

Moses

Sent to demand Israel's release; prays to Jehovah to lift the frogs and flies at Pharaoh's request.

Aaron

Stretches out his staff to bring frogs and to strike the dust into swarms of flies over Egypt.

Pharaoh

King of Egypt who pleads for relief, promises to let Israel go, then hardens his heart each time.

Egyptian diviners

Magicians who reproduce the frogs by secret arts but fail at the flies, confessing 'It is the finger of God.'

Timeline

Second Plague: Frogs

Aaron stretches his hand over the waters, and frogs cover the land. Pharaoh asks for their removal and promises to let the people go, but hardens his heart again.

Exodus 8:1-15
Third Plague: Gnats

Aaron strikes the dust, turning it into gnats throughout Egypt. Diviners fail to replicate it, declaring 'It is the finger of God.' Pharaoh's heart remains hardened.

Exodus 8:16-19
Fourth Plague: Swarms of Flies

Swarms of flies fill Egyptian houses but spare Goshen where Israelites live. Pharaoh agrees to let them sacrifice but hardens his heart after the flies are removed.

Exodus 8:20-32

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